Optical Microscope
Optical microscope is a type of microscope that uses visible light and lens system to enlarge images of small samples. Optical microscope is the oldest design of the microscope and is designed around 1600. Basic optical microscope can be very simple, although there are many intricate designs that aim to improve the resolution and contrast of the sample. History of optical microscope that is easy to develop and popular because of their use of visible light so that samples can be directly observed by the eye. Images from optical microscope can be captured by a camera that is sensitive to normal light to produce a micrograph. Initially the image was captured by photographic film, but modern developments in CMOS and then charge-coupled device (CCD) camera enables digital image capture. Pure Digital microscopes are now available that only use CCD camera to examine a sample, and images displayed directly on a computer screen without the need for eye-pieces. Alternatives to optical microscopy using a light that does not include scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope.
Optical configuration
There are two basic configuration of a conventional optical microscope, a simple (one lens) and compound (many lenses). Most modern research microscope compound microscope microscope while some simple inexpensive commercial digital single-lens microscope. A magnifying glass is, in essence, the basic single-lens microscope. In the optical microscope is generally static; to focus on a different depth of focus lens to sample distance is adjusted and to get a wider field or a narrow view of lenses of different magnification objective should be used. Most modern research microscope also has a separate set of optics to illuminate the sample.
Single lens (simple) microscopes. A simple microscope is a microscope that uses only one lens for magnification, and is the original design of the light microscope. Van Leeuwenhoek Microscope consists of a lens, a small single convergent mounted on a brass plate, with a screw mechanism to hold the sample or specimen to be examined. Demonstrations by British microscopist has a picture of the basic instrument. Though now considered primitive, the use of lenses, convex sole to see still be found in simple magnification devices, such as a magnifying glass and loupe it.
The compound microscope A compound microscope is a microscope that uses multiple lenses to collect light from the sample and then a separate set of lenses to focus light into the eye or camera. Compound Microscope heavier, larger and more expensive than a simple microscope because of the increased number of lenses used in construction. The main advantage of several enhanced numerical aperture lens (see below the resolution limit), reduced chromatic aberration and the objective lens to adjust the rate of enlargement. A compound microscope also create more advanced lighting settings, such as phase contrast.
